In terms of size, it has a length between 75 and 88 cm and a wingspan between 204 and 220 cm. Regarding its characteristics, it is the largest eagle in Portugal and the fourth largest bird. It has dark brown plumage and a golden nape. White patches are present on the underside of its wings. Compared to other eagles, this one has a longer beak, similar only to that of the imperial eagle.

These are highly specialized predators that feed mainly on medium-sized mammals such as hares, rabbits, and even young deer. They hunt by diving at high speed towards their prey, reaching speeds of 240 km/h. They reproduce around winter and spring and build large nests in cliffs or trees. The nest is composed of thick branches lined with moss and sheep's wool, and is usually reused year after year. The female lays about 1 to 3 eggs with an interval of 3 days between each one. Incubation lasts between 40 and 45 days. After hatching, both parents are responsible for feeding the young, feeding them small mammals and birds. They remain with their parents until they can fly and feed themselves.